The population structure and habitat use of resident of Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata) in Wu River (Southwest China)

These findings suggested that dense vegetation along rivers could play a positive, important role in habitat use by the resident population of Mandarin ducks. Compared to traditional breeding ranges, both adults and ducklings of this species were more likely to experience human-related disturbances due to the limited availability of ancient trees outside villages. This information will contribute to provide baseline knowledge on the resident population of Mandarin ducks, and enhance understanding of the causes and consequences of breeding partial migration.