Nutritional Management in Cancer Cachexia

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome marked by progressive weight loss, muscle wasting, and systemic inflammation, commonly associated with advanced cancer. Its management poses a significant challenge due to the complex interplay of metabolic alterations, reduced appetite, and inflammation. Addressing the nutritional needs of patients with cachexia is a cornerstone of care, aiming to mitigate weight loss, preserve lean body mass, and enhance quality of life (QOL). Effective nutritional strategies include individualized meal plans enriched with energy-dense and protein-rich foods, alongside the use of specialized nutritional supplements. Pharmacotherapy, such as appetite stimulants, anabolic agents, and anti-inflammatory drugs, plays a crucial role in modulating metabolic dysfunction and supporting nutritional goals. Additionally, physical activity tailored to the patient's abilities has been shown to complement nutritional and pharmacological interventions by promoting muscle retention and functional independence. A multidisciplinary approach that integrates dietary support, pharmacotherapy, and exercise is essential for optimizing outcomes in cancer cachexia management and improving patient well-being. Keywords: Cancer cachexia, Nutritional management in cancer, Malnutrition in cancer