A Numerical Simulation Method Based on Particle Reactions for Corona Audible Noise

High-voltage direct current (HVdc) transmission technology plays a crucial role in modern electrical power industries. However, with the increasing voltage of transmission lines, audible noise has become a significant factor limiting the planning and construction. To research audible noise’s generation mechanisms and prediction method, this article models corona discharge on a rod-plate structure and calculates the generation and movement of particles based on 23 gas-phase reactions and eight surface reactions. We integrate the model with an acoustic source framework, which employs the electroacoustic conversion theory, solving the acoustic fluctuation equation to compute audible noise. The simulation results show a 7.5% discrepancy in the time-domain amplitude of audible noise compared to experimental measurements. The average and distribution of audible noise amplitudes from simulations and measurements at different voltages and electrode distances show a high consistency, demonstrating the accuracy of the proposed method. This approach contributes to understanding the mechanisms underlying audible noise and facilitates predictions through numerical calculations, providing a reference for designing HVdc transmission lines.