Influence of different extraction methods on the cannabinoid profile in Cannabis sativa oil

The research focuses on optimizing extraction methods for Cannabis sativa to ensure the production of high-quality oils with consistent cannabinoid profiles, critical for therapeutic applications. The study highlights the plant’s medicinal potential, driven by bioactive compounds such as cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which are effective against various conditions, including epilepsy and chronic pain. The objective is to evaluate and compare advanced extraction techniques like supercritical CO₂, ethanol-based, and microwave-assisted extraction to identify methods that balance efficiency, yield, and sustainability. Upon exploration, the study reviewed scientific literature, analyzing efficiency metrics and cost-effectiveness across methods. Results underscore the superiority of supercritical CO₂ extraction for purity and pharmaceutical-grade standards but note its high cost. Ethanol-based techniques are cost-effective but require additional refinement. Microwave-assisted methods offer terpene preservation but lack scalability. These findings stress the need for hybrid techniques that integrate advantages while addressing limitations. The research concludes that standardization and technological innovations are essential to overcome inconsistencies in cannabinoid profiles, enhancing clinical and industrial viability. It advocates for interdisciplinary collaboration to improve extraction protocols, ensuring sustainable and effective use of Cannabis sativa in medicine.