Challenges and Opportunities for Implementing Green Chemistry in Nigerian Universities: Educational and Policy Perspectives

Abstract This study examines the emergence of green chemistry in Nigerian universities through analysis of perspectives from an eight-member focus group of experts in nanochemistry, green chemistry, and chemistry education. The six-hour discussion evaluates awareness levels, implementation barriers, and future prospects. While participants recognise the importance of green chemistry, several challenges impede its adoption in developing nations, primarily funding constraints, resource limitations, and insufficient awareness. The study identifies key advancement areas: incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced material science, fostering academic–industrial partnerships, and implementing systematic curriculum reforms. Recommendations emphasise comprehensive green chemistry education, enhanced international collaboration, and improved policies for sustainable chemical practices. The research highlights green chemistry's role in addressing 21st-century challenges like climate change, pollution, and resource scarcity, while emphasising the need for context-appropriate solutions in developing regions. Success in implementing green chemistry principles requires coordinated efforts from academia, industry, and government. Special emphasis is placed on developing human capital in developing nations and facilitating knowledge exchange through international research collaborations. These findings underscore the importance of tailored approaches to green chemistry implementation in developing countries while maintaining global cooperation.