Introducing a cost-effective CO₂ plume detection strategy by use of simulation-to-surface DAS

This paper presents simulation-to-seismic and novel monitoring workflows to address the challenge of ensuring the security of long-term CO2 storage, incorporating stress and saturation changes in the container. The aim of this strategy is to attempt to answer the key question: where is the plume? Moving from a 4D imaging to a 4D detection objective, and combining cost-effective acquisition and innovative monitoring strategies through the use of surface distributed acoustic sensing (S-DAS), we explore one route to answer this question.