Optimal new physics estimation in the presence of standard model backgrounds

In this work, we develop a numerical technique for the optimal estimation of the new physics (NP) couplings applicable to any collider process without any simplifying assumptions. This approach also provides a way to measure the quality of the NP estimates derived using standard <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:msup><a:mi>χ</a:mi><a:mn>2</a:mn></a:msup></a:math> analysis, and can be used to gauge the advantages of various modalities of collider design. We illustrate the techniques and arguments by considering the pair production of heavy charged fermions at an <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><c:msup><c:mi>e</c:mi><c:mo>+</c:mo></c:msup><c:msup><c:mi>e</c:mi><c:mo>−</c:mo></c:msup></c:math> collider.