Quantum coarsening and collective dynamics on a programmable simulator
Understanding the collective quantum dynamics of non-equilibrium many-body systems is an outstanding challenge in quantum science. In particular, dynamics driven by quantum fluctuations are important for the formation of exotic quantum phases of matter<sup>1</sup>, fundamental high-energy processes<sup>2</sup>, quantum metrology<sup>3,4</sup> and quantum algorithms<sup>5</sup>. Here we use a programmable quantum simulator based on Rydberg atom arrays to experimentally study collective dynamics across a (2+1)-dimensional Ising quantum phase transition. After crossing the quantum critical point, we observe a gradual growth of correlations through coarsening of antiferromagnetically ordered domains<sup>6</sup>. By deterministically preparing and following the evolution of ordered domains, we show that the coarsening is driven by the curvature of domain boundaries, and find that the dynamics accelerate with proximity to the quantum critical point. We quantitatively explore these phenomena and further observe long-lived oscillations of the order parameter, corresponding to an amplitude ('Higgs') mode<sup>7</sup>. These observations offer a viewpoint into emergent collective dynamics in strongly correlated quantum systems and non-equilibrium quantum processes.
Authors
- Alexandra A. Geim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-4941)
- Dolev Bluvstein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-9530)
- M. W. Kalinowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0605-8791)
- Nishad Maskara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5775-9542)
- Sepehr Ebadi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4146-3637)
- Markus Greiner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2935-2363)
- Subir Sachdev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2432-7070)
- Johannes Feldmeier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7836-4715)
- Mikhail D. Lukin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-1007)
- Tom Manovitz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3470-1369)
- David A. Huse (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-5178)
- Simon J. Evered (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8986-1103)
- Rhine Samajdar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-7798)
- Pavel E. Dolgirev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4778-8694)
- Nazlı Uğur Köylüoğlu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0237-0975)
- Hengyun Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-8856)
- Sophie H. Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3099-9906)
- Vladan Vuletić (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-0538)
Institutions
- Harvard University (US)
- Princeton University (US)
- Harvard University Press (US)
- QuEra Computing (United States) (US)
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature
- Published
- 2025-02-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08353-5
- Citations
- 36
- Primary Topic
- Quantum many-body systems
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 44.88
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate
- Center for Ultracold Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Division of Materials Research