Electrospun Fe/Co Metal–Organic Framework-PVDF Composite Nanofiber-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator as a Self-Powered Sterilizing Mask

Efforts to combat the rising threat of airborne diseases have prompted the exploration of low-cost devices. Thus, in this research work, we report a self-sterilizing face mask based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which is fabricated by using electrospun Fe/Co metal–organic framework-polyvinylidene fluoride composite nanofibers as a tribonegative material, nylon-6,6 nanofibers as a tribopositive material, and aluminum as the electrode. The structural and morphological characterization studies are confirmed by using X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The vertical contact separation mechanism-based TENG with an area of 25 cm2 exhibits a maximum open-circuit voltage of 48 V and a maximum short-circuit current of 2.4 μA under the finger-tapping force. The power density of the as-fabricated TENG is calculated as 0.00194 mW/cm2 at an external load value of 41.07MΩ. Further, a self-sterilizing mask is fabricated to harvest energy from the inhaling and exhaling of air and power the EL for sterilizing the mask. As an experimental setup, the sterilization of Escherichia coli (E. coli) is performed by using TENG powered UVC LED, and the results are confirmed under an optical microscope. This work showcases the proposed mask with an additional Ag nanoparticle layer, which is deposited over the mask as electrocution layer and its potential for inhaled air quality monitoring applications. Additionally, the device is demonstrated as a breath counter, which finds utility in monitoring pulmonary functions. This research significantly contributes to the evolving landscape of self-powered and sustainable technologies, paving the way for impactful applications in wearable electronics.