A personalized cancer vaccine to prevent the return of high-risk kidney cancer

In a phase I clinical trial, nine adults with kidney cancer were treated with a personalized cancer vaccine that targets neoantigens (mutant proteins expressed by tumour cells). The vaccine generated immune responses in all nine individuals, and although all of them were at high risk of disease recurrence, none experienced a return of their cancer during the study. A phase I clinical trial supports the safety and feasibility of a vaccine to limit disease recurrence in people with kidney cancer.