Second-Order Statistical Properties of Vehicle-to-Vehicle Rician Fading Channel

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channels exhibit highly dynamic and non-stationary characteristics, posing significant challenges in designing reliable communication systems. The level crossing rate (LCR) and average fade duration (AFD) are two important second-order statistical properties that help characterize these rapid channel changes. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the LCR and AFD for a two-dimensional non-isotropic scattering model of a V2V Rician flat fading channel. The study investigates the influence and impact of several key parameters on LCR and AFD, focusing on the impact of high vehicle traffic density (VTD). The results closely align with available empirical data and offer valuable insights into designing robust V2V communication systems that can adapt to the rapidly evolving channel conditions.