Hoaxes in the Digital Era: An Analysis of Social Media Users

Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of hoax news on the perceptions and attitudes of social media users in Indonesia and to identify the factors influencing their responses to such misinformation. Study Design/Methodology/Approach: The research employs a survey method, complemented by a literature review. Respondents are categorised based on age, gender, education level, frequency of social media use, and the type of social media platform they engage with. Findings: The study’s findings indicate that the majority of respondents use social media for more than one hour daily and frequently encounter hoax news. The impact of hoaxes is substantial and can influence public behaviour. When faced with hoax news, respondents typically seek verification from credible sources or choose to ignore it. Education level and age significantly affect an individual’s ability to distinguish hoaxes from factual information. Furthermore, intelligence and attentiveness in processing received information play a crucial role in detecting misinformation. Therefore, digital literacy is essential in equipping individuals with the skills to identify and mitigate the spread of hoax news. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the understanding of how hoax news on social media shapes public perception and attitudes in Indonesia. The study highlights the importance of digital literacy as a key measure in strengthening resilience against misinformation in the digital age. By addressing the role of education and cognitive awareness, the findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and social media users on the need for proactive strategies to combat hoax news. This study underscores the significance of fostering a well-informed society capable of critically evaluating online information, thereby promoting responsible digital engagement.