AGROCHEMICAL STUDY OF SOIL FERTILITY TO OPTIMIZE AGRICULTURE IN AGROBIOLABORATORY

The article presents the results of a study of agrochemical indicators of fertility of the arable layer (0-20 CM) of purple soil of the agrobiolaboratory of NPJSC «Shakarim University of Semey». Mechanical, elemental and gravimetric analysis of 40 soil samples from 7 shares of cereals, legumes and vegetable crops was carried out. Of organic substances (4,49%), macronutrients (total nitrogen – 71,81 kg/ha; mobile phosphorus – from 0.37 to 0.88 mg/g; mobile potassium – from 0,26 to 0,47 mg/g; Na – 0,16-0,54 mg/g; Ca – 2,29-3,57 mg / g; Mg – 0,43-1,64 mg/g; Al – 0,82-2,41 mg/g) and trace elements (Mn – 0,12-0,39 mg/g; Cr – 0,10-0,11 mg/g; Fe – 0,43-0,80 mg/g), pH of the soil solution (рН 7,7, рН 6,7) optimal performance indicators. According to the results of the study, the limiting factors of soil fertility are humidity and mechanical composition. Currently, it is necessary to develop reclamation measures to improve the low moisture content of the soil (11,72%,) and poor structure (aggregates from 1 to 5 mm by 10-30%). The results of agrochemical analysis of soil samples made it possible to create a soil database of the agrobiolaboratory for further monitoring studies.