Contraceptive Efficacy and Antioxidant Potential of Prosopis juliflora Pod Extract in Male Albino Rats

Objective: To investigate the contraceptive effects of Prosopis juliflora pod ethanolic extract in male albino rats. Methods: Group I is the control group. Group II this group rats were given TP intramuscular injection at a dose of 0.01mg/day for 30 days. Group III rats of this group were administered Prosopis juliflora pod extract at a dose level of 500 mg/kg body weight for 60 days. Group IV, a group of rats are treated with a combination of TP (0.01 mg/day intramuscular) and Prosopis juliflora pod extract (500 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. The parameters viz. body and organ weight, serum biochemistry, testosterone level, hematology and antioxidants, lipid profile, sperm parameters, and histological changes, all these parameters observation was taken. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the data, after which Tukey’s multiple comparison tests were conducted. Statistical data analysis was done using a graph pad prism. Findings: The group treated with pod extract of Prosopis juliflora showed a significant (P ≤ 0.001) decline in sperm motility and density, serum testosterone level as compared to control, as well as the weight of testis and epididymis was significant (P ≤ 0.001) reduced in comparison to control. From histological observation, it is revealed that spermatogenesis arrest, reduction in seminiferous tubule diameter, highly significant (P ≤ 0.001) reduction in secondary spermatogonia, mature Leydig cell, and spermatid. With substantial elevation in LPO and decline in GSH. Novelty: This study was taken up because it is a weed plant to find if it has any novel properties, particularly regarding male fertility. A weed having such property will serve as a good source for controlling fertility. Less work has been conducted on this plant to reveal its therapeutic properties; this work helps to find its pod extracts’ effect on fertility-controlling properties in male rats. Keywords: Contraception, Prosopis juliflora, Antifertility, Plant Extract