Cytoarchitectonics and morphofunctional parameters of dermal mastocytomas in the area of the facial skeleton in dogs

The results of the analysis of the prevalence of primary spontaneous dermal mast cell tumors in dogs in the facial skeleton area study was conducted in 2021–2024. The object of the study were 63 dogs with primary spontaneous dermal mast cell tumors, confirmed histologically.The purpose of the work is to study the morphofunctional indicators of dermal mast cell tumors in the facial skeleton area in dogs and to assess their degree of malignancy.During the study, the degree of malignancy was determined according to two generally accepted classifications, according to Kupel and Patnaik — an important prognostic criterion for assessing primary spontaneous mast cell tumors in the facial skeleton area in dogs.According to the results of histological examination of primary spontaneous mast cell tumors in the facial skeleton area in dogs according to the Kupel classification, it was revealed that less aggressive tumors are more common and account for 65.08%, while highly aggressive mast cell tumors occur in 34.92% of cases according to our data, while according to the Patnaik classification, highly differentiated mast cell tumors were detected in 20.63% of cases, moderately differentiated were observed in 49.21% of cases, and poorly differentiated — in 30.16% of cases. From the obtained information on the classification of dermal mast cell tumors, it follows that the majority of moderately differentiated mast cell tumors according to Patnaik (G2) are highly differentiated according to Kupel (G1), which affects the prognostic assessment and choice of treatment tactics for sick dogs.