The quantum XY chain with boundary fields: finite-size gap and phase behavior
Abstract We present a detailed study of the finite-size one-dimensional quantum XY chain in a transverse field in the presence of boundary fields coupled with the order-parameter spin operator. We consider fields located at the chain boundaries that have the same strength and that are oppositely aligned. We derive exact expressions for the gap Δ as a function of the model parameters for large values of the chain length L . These results allow us to characterize the nature of the ordered phases of the model. We find a magnetic (M) phase ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mtext>e</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ), a magnetic-incommensurate (MI) phase ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mtext>e</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>MI</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ), a kink (K) phase ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) and a kink-incommensurate (KI) phase ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>KI</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ); <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>MI</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>KI</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> are bounded oscillating functions of L . We also analyze the behavior along the phase boundaries. In particular, we characterize the universal crossover behavior across the K-KI phase boundary. On this boundary, the dynamic critical exponent is z = 4, i.e. <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for large values of L .
Authors
- Andrea Pelissetto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-0496)
- Aldo Coraggio
Institutions
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment
- Published
- 2025-02-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ad8bb7
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Quantum many-body systems
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.25