Energy Scheduling Strategy for the Gas–Steam–Power System in Steel Enterprises Under the Influence of Time-Of-Use Tariff

Fully harnessing the inherent flexible adjustment potential of steel enterprises and fostering their interaction with the power grid is a crucial pathway to advancing green transformation. However, traditional research usually takes reducing energy consumption as the optimization goal, which limits the adjustment response capability, or ignores the storage and conversion constraints of secondary energy sources such as gas, steam, and electricity, making it difficult to fully explore and reasonably utilize the potential of multi-energy coordination. This study considers the production constraints of the surplus energy recovery and utilization system, establishes a collaborative scheduling model for a gas–steam–power system (GSPS) in an iron and steel enterprise, and proposes a demand response strategy that considers internal production constraints. Considering the time-of-use (TOU) tariff, iron and steel enterprises achieve a dynamic optimization adjustment range of electricity demand response through the conversion and storage process of gas, steam, and power. The adjustment capability of the GSPS reaches 26.94% of the initial electricity load, while reducing the total system energy cost by 2.24%. There is vast development potential of iron and steel enterprises participating in electricity demand response for promoting cost reduction and efficiency improvement, as well as enhancing the power grid flexibility.