INFORMATIVENESS OF SURROGATE AND SPECIFIC INDICES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN WOMEN OF EARLY REPRODUCTIVE AGE

Abstract. Insulin resistance (IR) is a disorder characterised by a decrease in the biological response to insulin. Prolonged hyperinsulinaemia has a devastating impact on women’s health and is a trigger for the development of matabolic, cardiovascular and reproductive diseases, which can be irreversible. Stress, rapid weight loss and weight gain, obesity, abuse of fast carbohydrates, lack of physical activity contribute to the development of IR and require a quick response and timely prevention to maintain a woman’s health. In the practice of a doctor, the determination of HOMA and Matsuda indices, insulin levels before and after a 75 g glucose load are widely used to diagnose IR. Objective To study the factors influencing insulin secretion and to investigate the effectiveness of HOMA and Matsuda indices. Materials and Methods. This study included 82 women of early reproductive age. They were divided into a study group and a control group. To facilitate data collection, a questionnaire was created, and anthropometric parameters such as height, weight, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Laboratory diagnostics were performed: luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex-binding globulin (BPG), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-s), total testosterone, free testosterone index, HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance), glucose tolerance test (GTT) plus insulin determination, Matsuda index. Results. A weak direct relationship was found between HOMA and OT (r=0.353576), BMI (r=0.36090423), TSH (r=0.212637559), and total testosterone (r=0.241491459). A weak direct relationship is observed between the Matsuda index and the duration of bleeding during the menstrual cycle (r=0.263762). There is an inverse weak relationship between total testosterone (r=-0.351298232) and Matsuda index. Insulin levels formed relationships with WC (r=0.321900051), BMI (r=0.333470666), TSH (r=0.249578215), and total testosterone (r=0.278921593). Insulin levels after a 75 g glucose load had a direct correlation with FSH levels (r=0.291379519). Conclusions. The relationships between fasting insulin levels and those after a 75 g glucose load with the studied parameters were established: WC, BMI, TSH, total testosterone, FSH. Between the HOMA and Matsuda indices, there is a direct correlation with the studied indicators of WC, BMI, TSH, total testosterone, duration of bleeding during menstruation.