Applications of Chitosan-Based Antimicrobial Composites to Food Packaging: An Overview

Recently, the development of bio-based polymer packaging films has been gaining attention as a solution to the environmental hazards caused by petroleum-based non-biodegradable packaging materials. Among the natural biopolymers, chitosan is one of the most popular polysaccharides due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, antimicrobial properties, and ease of use. Chitosan is a suitable biopolymer for the development of food packaging due to its ability to inhibit gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and food-borne filamentous fungi. In this review, the active packaging properties of chitosan composites developed through various technological approaches to enhance food storage conditions and extend shelf life were summarized. Additionally, the application of chitosan-based antimicrobial packaging materials for different food products was outlined to promote the development of innovative biodegradable food packaging solutions.