Evalution of breeding material of seed peas (spring) in conditions of the eastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Purpose. To evaluate the manifestation of the main characteristics of the productivity of breeding numbers of spring peas as a reaction to changes in growing conditions depending on temperature and humidity. Methods. Field, visual, measuring, weighing, quantitative, laboratory, mathematical-statistical ones. Results. 24 breeding lines of spring pea were analyzed for valuable economic traits. The assessment of manifestation of the main signs of feed and seed productivity of the numbers of the preliminary variety test as a reaction to the change in growing conditions depending on temperature and humidity is presented. It was established that in terms of the green mass of the pea-oat mixture yield, eight numbers (KR 2, Plidny, Mylovyd, KR 21, KR 22, KR 35, KR 65, and Zlagoda) exceeded the standard of Yaroslavl by 7-15% in 2023 and by 13-29% in 2024. It was found that during the years of research, the samples Plidnyi, KR 22, Zlagoda and Polinaria had a consistently high yield of absolutely dry matter, and the protein content in absolutely dry matter in 2024 decreased compared to the previous year, due to abnormal dry weather conditions. The seed yield of six breeding lines (KR 17, KR 20, KR 31, KR 65, KR 71, Polinaria) in 2023 was higher than the standard by 10- 23%, and in 2024 it increased by 17-30%. Conclusions. Studies have shown that the formation of traits of feed and seed productivity of spring peas is largely influenced by weather conditions. According to the results of a comprehensive evaluation of the breeding material in 2023-2024, the best cultivars were selected according to the yield of the green mass of the pea-oat mixture, the yield of absolutely dry matter, the protein content in the dry matter, the yield of seeds and the mass of 1000 seeds, which correspond to the determined parameters of adaptability and productivity. The selected material can be used in practical breeding to create new varieties of spring peas with high feed and seed productivity, adapted to the conditions of the eastern part of the ForestSteppe of Ukraine