Literature Review of Hybrid Propulsion System on Ship

The International Maritime Organization (IMO), the regulatory authority for shipping worldwide, has introduced regulations to curb ship emissions. Following attempts to reduce emissions by slowing down ships, which can compromise maneuverability, research into alternative solutions has intensified. One such area of focus is hybrid power sources and propulsion systems. These systems can be configured in three primary architectures: series, parallel, and a combination of both. Hybrid propulsion specifically refers to systems with parallel or series-parallel architectures. Research into hybrid propulsion remains relatively limited due to current constraints that hinder its widespread adoption across all vessel types. Even though, hybrid propulsion can allow ships to sailing and maneuvering safely and reduce exhaust gases. Research that has been carried out is related to hybrid propulsion, such as control systems and designs that can be applied to yachts, cruise ships, offshore supply vessels (OSVs), oceangoing vessels and fish ship. Implementing hybrid propulsion requires a careful evaluation of the benefits and drawbacks associated with each architectural configuration. The best architecture is a serial-parallel combination because it has high flexibility so it can produce comfortable conditions with low emissions and noise but still maintains performance for sailing and maneuvering.