Water Quality Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Network Using Automatic Solar Tracker

Water plays a crucial role in human life and agricultural activities. Monitoring key parameters such as pH and temperature is essential for maintaining water quality, as they affect nutrient availability, disease resistance, and environmental balance. This study develops a wireless water quality monitoring system using pH and temperature sensors, powered by solar energy with an automatic solar tracker. The system includes two sensor nodes placed at different points in an irrigation channel, communicating via Bluetooth and LoRa-Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to a server for real-time data display. The solar tracker improves energy efficiency, ensuring continuous system operation. Initial tests demonstrated an average error rate of 1.5% for pH measurements and less than 1% for temperature measurements. The system also showed a 15% increase in power output with the solar tracker compared to a static solar panel. Future improvements will focus on sensor calibration and the integration of additional parameters such as dissolved oxygen for a more comprehensive water quality assessment.