Solar Cell Efficiency under Varying Panel Angles and Temperature Conditions : An Experimental ANOVA Study

This study examines the impact of varying panel angles and temperatures on solar cell efficiency using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Conducted in Indonesia, the experiment explores panel inclination (90° to 70°) and ambient temperature (39°C to 43°C) effects on power output. Results indicate that at 90°, power output ranges between 54W to 60W, while at 70°, it drops to 45W to 49W. Additionally, higher temperatures lower the output, with power decreasing from 54W to 50W as the temperature rises from 39°C to 43°C. The ANOVA results show that slope has the greatest influence on efficiency with an Fo value of 111.4151, followed by temperature (Fo=31.38365). The interaction between these two factors, while present, had a smaller effect (Fo=1.132075). These results, compared against critical F-values, confirm the significance of both variables in optimizing solar cell performance.