Optimizing Home Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicle Integration in Indonesian Power Distribution Networks

This study highlights the challenges faced by PLN's electricity distribution network due to the rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) in Indonesia, with the number of EVs expected to increase from 67 thousand electric motorcycles in 2023 to 286 million by 2030. The objective of this research is to optimize the planning and integration of home charging infrastructure for EVs within the distribution network. The methodology includes qualitative and quantitative approaches, policy document analysis, and simulations to measure the impact of various levels of home charging penetration (0%-100%). Preliminary data indicate that the increased load from EV charging can cause issues such as power loss, voltage drop, and transformer overload, with home charging power requirements ranging from 2.2 kVA to 7.7 kVA, compared to the average load of 1.3 kVA for household-category customers. Preliminary conclusions suggest the need for comprehensive planning models and holistic solutions such as transformer additions and overnight charging policies to mitigate these negative impacts. The research hypothesis posits that proper infrastructure planning can support sustainable EV growth. The implications of this research provide practical guidance for the development of robust EV charging infrastructure and support the positive transformation towards electric mobility in Indonesia.