Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan Patch Scaffolds for Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs) represent a significant challenge in otolaryngology, with current treatments often involving invasive surgical procedures. This study explores the potential of chitosan patch scaffolds (CPSs) as a novel, non-invasive treatment for TMPs. The optimization of CPS composition was investigated, with a focus on a fixed chitosan concentration (3 wt%) and varying concentrations of glycerol (3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 wt%) as a plasticizer. The morphological, mechanical, and biological properties of these scaffolds were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed smooth surfaces and varying thicknesses dependent on glycerol concentration. Mechanical testing demonstrated that scaffolds with 3.5 wt% glycerol (G3.5) exhibited an optimal balance of flexibility and tensile strength. In vitro studies using tympanic membrane cells showed superior cell viability and adhesion on G3.5 scaffolds compared to other formulations. These findings suggest that CPSs, particularly those with 3.5 wt% glycerol, hold a promise as a potential treatment for TMPs, offering a balance of mechanical properties and biocompatibility conducive to tympanic membrane (TM) regeneration.