Shape Memory Alloys for Reversible Restoration of Ancient Monuments

Abstract The preservation of ancient structures through anastylosis requires methods that are both effective and reversible, while also preserving architectural integrity. Recent research into shape memory alloys (SMAs) offers a promising solution for reversible restoration, thanks to their ability to return to a predefined shape when exposed to thermal or mechanical triggers. However, challenges, such as cost, feasibility, and repeatability persist. This study focuses on characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of Nitinol SMAs under various conditions, with the aim of developing functional SMA devices for restoring monumental elements at the Valle dei Templi archeological site in Agrigento, Italy. The prototype’s superelastic properties and shape memory effects will be assessed to determine its effectiveness and applicability in different operational scenarios. This evaluation is grounded in a comprehensive analysis of the site's environmental conditions and an assessment of the alloy’s thermomechanical properties. By integrating SMAs into restoration efforts, the research aims to establish a methodology for creating reversible, replicable solutions that adhere to the principles of structural conservation.