Barriers to implementing reverse logistics in companies: a systematic literature review

Reverse logistics provides a valuable perspective on productive processes, economic efficiency, social well-being, and environmental sustainability. Its implementation is essential at both macro and micro levels, influencing government policies and regulations as well as individual businesses. Despite the clear benefits of reverse logistics, several barriers impede its execution. This article aims to analyze the obstacles identified in the literature regarding reverse logistics implementation. Specifically, it explores the countries represented in the reviewed articles, the business sectors involved, the most frequently cited barriers, and the variations in barriers between countries with high and low incidence rates. The research employed a systematic literature review and qualitative analysis of a sample of articles. Key barriers identified include a shortage of qualified personnel, insufficient governmental policies and legislation, and limited financial incentives and investment. Notably, the majority of publications come from emerging countries, with Brazil and India leading in volume. The construction sector, recognized as a significant source of waste, also exhibits the highest number of barriers. This study offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges in implementing reverse logistics, enhancing understanding of how to overcome these obstacles.