Peripheral Blood-Derived Inflammatory Indices Are Not Predictors for Complications in Robotic Thoracic Lung Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Single-Center Series

Background: Hematological indices such as the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) have been proposed as markers of inflammatory disease and prognostic indicators in some tumors, but their role remains controversial. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between these indices and postoperative complications in patients undergoing robotic-assisted anatomic lung resection for oncological purposes. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included patients who underwent anatomical lung resection from January 2022 to June 2023 using robotic-assisted surgery. The data collected included hematological variables, demographic information, body mass index (BMI) data, information about pulmonary function, medical history, postoperative outcomes, and survival data. Results: A total of 96 patients were included, with a median BMI of 26.10. The data distribution across demographic and clinical variables was homogeneous. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed no significant association between preoperative or postoperative inflammatory indices and postoperative complications, persistent air leak (PAL), or 1-year mortality. Conclusions: This small, retrospective study with short-term follow-up found no significant relationship between inflammatory indices and postoperative outcomes. These findings suggest that SII and similar indices are not reliable predictors of complications, PAL, or mortality in patients undergoing robotic-assisted anatomic lung resection.