Ileal Endometriosis: A Rare Case

Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of it. Although it typically affects organs within the pelvis, it can sometimes spread to other areas in the abdomen. Involvement of the ileum is uncommon, and its symptoms can resemble those of conditions such as inflammatory and neoplastic disease. A 36-year-old woman with no significant medical history presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting. Imaging suggested a stenotic lesion in the terminal ileum, and colonoscopy was normal. After exploratory laparoscopy showed severe ileal stricture with fibrosis, a right colectomy was performed given the different diagnoses of these lesions, especially Crohn's disease and neoplastic disease. Histopathology confirmed ileal endometriosis. This case emphasizes the diagnostic challenges of ileal endometriosis and the critical role of surgical intervention for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.