Comparative analysis of malnutrition screening tools in predicting mortality in critically ill patients: SGA, GLIM, and mNutric Score.

Introduction: Malnutrition is prevalent among critically ill patients and is associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and higher rates of complications. Several malnutrition screening tools are available, including the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM), and the modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (mNutric) Score. This study aims to compare the predictive ability of these three tools in determining mortality among critically ill patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo from April 2022 to March 2023. Patients aged 18 years and older were included. Nutritional status was assessed using SGA, GLIM, and mNutric Score. The primary outcome was mortality. Result: A total of 1,106 patients were included in the analysis. The overall ICU mortality rate was 23.1%. The mNutric Score was a significant independent predictor of mortality (OR = 6.601, 95% CI: 4.183–10.416, p < 0.001), while neither SGA nor GLIM were significant after adjustment for confounders. Conclusion: The mNutric Score is a superior tool for predicting mortality in critically ill patients compared to SGA and GLIM. Its use should be considered in ICU settings to identify patients at nutritional risk and guide timely interventions.