Psychological and Sociological Perspective of Methamphetamine (Ice) Usage among Students in Punjab: A Mixed Methodology Approach

Background: Methamphetamine (ice) use among students in Punjab, Pakistan, is becoming a significant concern. The growing prevalence of methamphetamine use in this population necessitates an exploration of the psychological and sociological factors driving its use.Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of methamphetamine use among students in Punjab, understand the psychological motivations behind its use, and explore the sociological factors contributing to its increase.Methods: This mixed-methodology study involved quantitative surveys of 500 university students and in-depth qualitative interviews with 30 regular methamphetamine users. Data were collected on psychological distress using the DASS-21 scale and on sociological factors such as peer pressure and family dynamics. Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data to identify recurring patterns.Results: The prevalence of methamphetamine use among students was found to be 9%, with 5% being regular users. The primary reasons for use included academic pressure (60%) and peer influence (72%). Psychological distress was prevalent, with 65% of users reporting anxiety, depression, or stress. Sociologically, 72% of users reported peer pressure as a key factor, while 35% reported family conflict or dysfunction as contributing factors.Conclusion: Methamphetamine use among students is driven by both psychological and sociological factors, with academic stress and peer pressure being the most significant contributors. Effective interventions must address both individual mental health and social influences to reduce methamphetamine use in this population.