Fluctuation theorems in general relativistic stochastic thermodynamics

Based on the recently proposed framework of general relativistic stochastic mechanics [J. Stat. Phys. 190, 193 (2023)1572-961310.1007/s10955-023-03204-5; J. Stat. Phys. 190, 181 (2023)1572-961310.1007/s10955-023-03205-4] and stochastic thermodynamics [SciPost Phys. Core 7, 082 (2024)2666-936610.21468/SciPostPhysCore.7.4.082] at the ensemble level, this work focuses on general relativistic stochastic thermodynamics at the trajectory level. The first law of stochastic thermodynamics is reformulated, and the fluctuation theorems are proved on this level, with an emphasis on maintaining fully general covariance and on the choice of observers.