Ertugliflozin: A Novel Drug for Control of Type-2 Diabetes

Sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a class of antidiabetic drugs whose mechanism of action is based on the reabsorption of filtered glucose via inhibition of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 in the proximal convoluted renal tubule. Ertugliflozin is the latest in the Series to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with Recent regulatory approvals in the United States (USA) (December 2017), European Union (March 2018), and elsewhere. The clinical and safety profile of individual SGLT2-inhibitors has been investigated in clinical trials in comparison to placebo and other oral anti-diabetic drug classes, as mono-therapy and add-on therapy among patients with T2DM. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that the metabolic profile of ertual hepatic microsomes and hepatocytes is formed by monohydroxylation, O-demethylation and glucuronidation. In a dose-proportional Manner, plasma concentrations (median Tmax) and area under the curve (AUC) increase following single doses from 0.5 mg (0.1 times the lowest Recommended dose) to 300 mg (20 times the highest Recommended Dose) and following multiple dosages from 1 mg (0.2 times the least Recommended dose), Tmax increases by 29% and prolongs Tmax by 1 hour, But does not alter AUC as compared with the fasted state. This new drug serves as an alternative drug for the treatment of patients with type 2DM.