An Overview on Anticancer Drug extracted from Marine Sources

Due of its high death rate, cancer continues to be one of the biggest hazards to human health globally. Globally, it is estimated that there are 19.3 million new instances of cancer and approximately 10 million cancer-related deaths annually, the most prevalent malignancies diagnosed globally are lung and breast cancer, which also account for the majority of cancer-related deaths in men and women, respectively. Numerous cancer therapies are available, including hormone therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and bone marrow transplantation. All of these medicines are important in the treatment of cancer. Many malignancies are incurable and cannot be effectively treated with the medications that are currently on the market. The marine ecosystem has very lately come into existence alongside terrestrial resources. Drugs originating from marine sources fall into a wide variety of chemical types, such as hydroxyphenylactic acid derivatives, cyclodepsipeptides, polyketides, terpenes, and alkaloids. These substance able to stop the growth of human tumor cells through both in vitro and in vivo cancer cell pathways. The aquatic environment is a plentiful supply of anticancer medications. Marine chemicals have a wide range of qualities, including antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. An overview of the progress made in developing marine-derived chemicals for cancer treatment is given in this paper, along with potential future directions. We also mentioned about medications that are undergoing various stages of clinical trials as well as commercially available, potentially anticancer substances derived from marine sources.