Procurement, Processing, and Storage of Human Amniotic Membranes for Implantation Purposes in Non-Healing Pressure Ulcers

The human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been used as an implant to enhance the regenerative process and control inflammation in different diseases, given their structure, biocompatibility, presence of stem cells and multiple growth factors. The objective of this study was to generate a standardized protocol for obtaining, processing, and storing hAMs that guarantee the conservation of their structural and cellular characteristics as well as their mechanical properties, ensuring their ease of handling, sterility, and quality that allows their implementation for therapeutic purposes in the field of regenerative medicine. The hAMs were obtained from mothers with healthy, full-term, controlled pregnancies and by cesarean section. The hAMs were processed under sterile conditions, manually separated from the placenta and, subsequently, they were frozen in a solution of culture medium plus 50% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i> glycerol. The protocol allows obtaining sterile hAMs composed of both epithelium and stroma with adequate preservation of the amniotic cells. The glycerol's impact on the mechanical properties may enhance the membrane's adaptability and conformability to diverse wound surfaces, potentially improving the healing process. It is necessary to repeat microbiological, cell viability and mechanical studies at 6 and 12 months to ensure that long-term frozen conditions do not affect the quality of the hAMs.