Evaluarea influenței fitohormonilor IAA și 2IP asupra dezvoltării viței-de-vie (Vitis vinifera) în cultura in vitro

In this study, the effects of supplementing nutrient media with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 6-(γ,γ-Dimethylallylamino) purine (2iP) on the development of grapevine plantlets in vitro were investigated. Four variants of the Murashige–Skoog medium with various concentrations of phytohormones were analyzed to evaluate their impact on growth parameters such as root biomass, leaf biomass, the number of lateral shoots, plant height, and internode formation. The results of the research showed the best development of grapevine plants in in vitro culture. The most favorable development of grapevine plants in vitro was achieved on a nutrient medium containing half of the macro- and microelements of the Murashige and Skoog recipe, supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA and 0.3 mg/l 2iP. This composition stimulated optimal plant growth, resulting in the highest foliar biomass (0.74 g) and the highest dry root biomass (0.46 g). In contrast, the exclusive use of 1 mg/l IAA led to the lowest biomass values, highlighting the importance of a balanced ratio between auxins and cytokinins for uniform and vigorous growth.