Evaluation of long-term stability and relapse rates in open apex teeth following surgical de-rotation and splinting

The management of open apex teeth requiring surgical intervention poses a significant challenge in dental practice, particularly concerning the long-term stability and potential relapse following treatment. Surgical de-rotation and splinting are common procedures used to correct misalignment in such teeth. This study aims to evaluate the long-term stability and relapse rates in open apex teeth following surgical de-rotation and splinting over a two-year follow-up period. A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 30 patients aged 10-15 years with open apex teeth requiring surgical de-rotation. Each patient underwent surgical de-rotation followed by splinting for a period of six weeks. The patients were monitored at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months post-treatment. Clinical parameters such as tooth alignment, periodontal health and any signs of relapse were assessed using radiographic and clinical examination techniques. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test to evaluate relapse rates. Out of the 30 patients treated, 28 (93.3%) showed satisfactory alignment and periodontal health at the 6-month follow-up. At 12 months, 26 patients (86.7%) maintained stability, while 4 (13.3%) exhibited minor relapse. By the 24-month follow-up, 22 patients (73.3%) demonstrated long-term stability, while 8 patients (26.7%) experienced relapse. The chi-square test indicated a statistically significant increase in relapse rates over time (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in periodontal health between stable and relapsed cases. Surgical de-rotation and splinting of open apex teeth demonstrate a high initial success rate, but relapse rates increase significantly over time. Continuous monitoring and potential adjunctive therapies may be necessary to maintain long-term stability. These findings highlight the importance of patient-specific treatment planning and long-term follow-up in managing open apex teeth.