STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA PESISIR DAN LAUT BERBASIS MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT DI DESA JABULENGA, KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ARU

Coastal and marine resources based on indigenous law communities in the Aru Islands Regency have existed for a long time. Fulfilling the needs of the community's life and excessive resource extraction has resulted in the declining potential of coastal and marine resources in Jabulenga Village. This research aims to analyze the characteristics of indigenous people in Jabulenga Village, analyze the role of indigenous institutions in coastal resource management in Jabulenga Village, and recommend strategies for coastal resource management in Jabulenga Village based on indigenous people. The data collection techniques used in this research were observation, interview and questionnaire. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using the qualitative descriptive method. Resource management strategies were analyzed using the DPSIR analysis method. The results showed that Jabulenga Village applies indigenous law in the form of sasi to preserve coastal and marine resources such as sea cucumber sasi. Jabulenga Village has a indigenous institution that runs sasi, namely the Aru Ursia Urlima Indigenous Institution. The results of the interview obtained that there has been a decrease in resource potential both in size and number of sasied biota. This occurred because of the weak role of indigenous institutions to impose sanctions on people who violate sasi rules. Based on the results of the analysis, six management strategies were obtained that can be used by indigenous institutions as well as the community together to preserve coastal and marine resources in Jabulenga Village. ABSTRAK Sumberdaya pesisir dan laut berbasis masyarakat hukum adat di Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru sudah ada sejak dahulu. Pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup masyarakat serta pengambilan sumberdaya yang berlebihan mengakibatkan semakin menurunnya potensi sumberdaya pesisir dan laut di Desa Jabulenga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganasilis karakteristik masyarakat hukum adat Desa Jabulenga, menganalisis peran kelembagaan adat dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir di Desa Jabulenga, serta merekomendasikan strategi pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir di Desa Jabulenga berbasis masyarakat hukum adat. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan kuisioner. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deksriptif kualitatif. Strategi pengelolaan sumberdaya dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis DPSIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Desa Jabulenga menerapkan hukum adat berupa sasi untuk melestarikan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut seperti sasi teripang. Desa Jabulenga memiliki kelembagaan adat yang menjalankan sasi yaitu Kelembagaan Adat Aru Ursia Urlima. Hasil wawancara diperoleh bahwa telah terjadi penurunan potensi sumberdaya baik ukuran maupun jumlah biota yang disasi. Hal ini terjadi karena lemahnya peran lembaga adat untuk memberikan sanksi terhadap masyarakat yang melanggar aturan sasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisa diperoleh enam strategi pengelolaan yang dapat digunakan oleh lembaga adat juga masyarakat secara bersama-sama untuk melestarikan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut di Desa Jabulenga. Kata Kunci: Masyarakat adat, kelembagaan, sasi, sumberdaya, Jabulenga