Evolving perspectives on the process approach to writing: From stage models to cognitive models

This article offers a critical overview of the process approach to writing, tracing its evolution from early stage models to more recent cognitive models. It highlights the distinction between stage models, which categorize writing into discrete, linear steps, and cognitive models, which emphasize the mental processes and cognitive work that writers engage in while composing. The article examines different versions of both models, exploring how each conceptualizes the writing process and its implications for writing instruction. By analyzing these models, the article provides a deeper understanding of the cognitive struggles and decision-making processes that writers experience throughout their work. Ultimately, this overview offers a nuanced perspective on the strengths and limitations of the process approach to writing, particularly in relation to understanding the internal cognitive challenges writers face.