Riesgo nutricional y crecimiento intrauterino en gestantes atendidas en un hospital público de Lima

Introduction: The nutritional status of pregnant women and nutrient deficiency have implications for the maternal-fetal binomial. Objective: To evaluate the association between nutritional risk and intrauterine growth in pregnant women treated in a public hospital in Lima. Material and Methods: Study with a quantitative, crosssectional, descriptive, cross-association and ambispective approach; carried out on 95 pregnant women between 18 and 45 years old, treated at the Huaycán Hospital, located in the Ate Vitarte district in Lima-Perú. Pregnant women with chronic pathologies were excluded. The gynecological-obstetric characteristics were obtained from the clinical history, the nutritional assessment through the anthropometric record; diet quality eating index questionnaire. The level of physical activity through the GPAQ questionnaire and the evaluation of fetal growth through gynecological-obstetric ultrasound. To analyze the association, chi-square was used and complemented with the logistic regression test to predict risk factors for intrauterine growth in pregnant women. Results: 84,2% of pregnant women presented a sedentary level of physical activity; 40% presented high gestational weight gain and 86,3% needed to make modifications to their diet. When analyzing the risk factors and associating it with intrauterine growth, a significant association was found with prenatal controls. Likewise, between the fetal weighted indicator of intrauterine growth, with the consumption of iron supplements, pregestational BMI and physical activity, (p<0,05) was obtained. Likewise, when associating uterine height with ferrous sulfate supplementation and gestational weight gain was obtained (p<0,05). Conclusions: Nutritional risk factors such as prenatal control, ferrous sulfate supplementation, consumption of other iron supplements, pregestational BMI and gestational weight gain, and physical activity are associated with intrauterine growth in pregnant women.