Enhancing stability: The protective role of nanodiamonds against biodegradation in cellulose ethers dispersions

• Detonation nanodiamond as stabilizing agent for cellulose-based dispersions. • Increased resistance of nanodiamond-cellulose composite over cellulose dispersions. • Detonation nanodiamond slows down biodegradation caused by microorganisms. • Detonation nanodiamond physiochemically stabilizes the composite. This study investigates the effect of detonation nanodiamonds (DND) in preserving cellulose dispersions, specifically hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) solutions, by analyzing their rheological behavior, chemical-physical properties, and degradation resistance. HEC and HPC are widely used cellulose ethers with thickening, stabilizing, and water-retaining properties, making them valuable in cosmetics, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and other industries. However, these polymers degrade under harsh conditions and are prone to microbial contamination in aqueous systems. The results demonstrate that incorporating DND into cellulose ether formulations significantly enhances their stability and reduces biodegradation risks. Viscosity measurements show slower depolymerization rates in DND-containing dispersions, indicating a longer shelf life than pure HEC or HPC solutions. Additionally, pH fluctuations are more controlled in composites, with a maximum variation of only 1 pH unit compared to 2.5 units in standard solutions, suggesting improved chemical stability. Conductivity changes due to degradation are minimal in DND formulations, indicating reduced breakdown over time. Notably, microbial growth is drastically reduced in DND composites. These findings highlight DND's role in improving cellulose ether solutions' durability, functionality, and shelf life, offering significant benefits for industries that rely on these materials by ensuring enhanced product stability and prolonged performance.