In-vivo analysis of visible light cure calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate and platelet-rich fibrin with and without laser therapy for direct pulp capping

The clinical and radiographic outcomes of direct pulp capping using visible light cure calcium hydroxide, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, and Platelet-Rich Fibrin, with and without pre-treatment with a low-level diode laser is of interest to dentist. One hundred and twenty patients (18-48 years) with accidental minimal pulp exposures less than 1 mm2 were randomized into two primary groups: laser pre-treatment and no laser pre-treatment, each further divided into three sub-groups based on the capping material. Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted at 7^th day, 1^st, 6^th and 12^th months. The combination of low-level diode laser and mineral trioxide aggregate with platelet-rich fibrin demonstrated superior clinical outcomes compared to other groups. Radiographic analysis showed significant differences in dentin bridge thickness among groups. While all tested materials exhibited promising results, further research is necessary to optimize treatment protocols and ensure long-term clinical success with a specific focus on dentin bridge formation and the potential influence of laser pre-treatment.