Barriers to uptake of harm reduction techniques for GBMSM who use drugs in night-clubs and sex-on-premises venues in London and the Southeast: a mixed-methods, qualitative study

Addressing these barriers could transform night-time venues into effective sites for harm reduction, particularly by targeting "afters" culture (the phenomenon where club-goers will return to a residential setting and continue substance use for prolonged periods 'after' the night-time venue closes or the event ends) and promoting safer practices. This research suggests that coordinated efforts with local government and policy reform are crucial to fostering safer environments for GBMSM.