Aplasia of the renal and infrarenal segments of the inferior vena cava: Clinical case

Aplasia of the inferior vena cava is a rare congenital malformation, occurring in 0.005-1% of the population, characterized by the absence of lumen of the inferior vena cava at the level of one or more of its segments. Compensatory venous outflow can occur along four main routes: deep, portal, median and superficial. Ineffective collateralization in patients with this anomaly can result in decreased blood flow in the lower extremities and pelvis, leading to venous stasis and increasing the likelihood of thrombosis. Also, the presence of aplasia of the inferior vena cava, undiagnosed at the outpatient stage, can lead to complications during surgical operations, or significantly affect the course of the operation itself. This article presents a clinical case of aplasia of the renal and post-renal segments of the inferior vena cava in a 36-year-old woman, with the presence of compensatory venous outflow along the deep and median tracts. The anomaly was suspected during examination of the patient in the magnetic resonance imaging office, where she was referred by a neurologist to examine the lumbar spine. Next, the vascular abnormality was examined in detail and confirmed by computed tomography of the abdominal segment with bolus contrast. Keywords: inferior vena cava, aplasia, сlinical case.