Clinical case of surgical treatment of an atypical form of Hirayama disease

Hirayama disease, also termed as benign distal upper limb amyotrophy, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy, primarily affecting the distal muscles of the upper limbs. This article describes a clinical case of an atypical form of Hirayama disease, which is extremely rare and associated with serious difficulties in diagnosis and selection of effective treatment tactics. The article discusses modern theories of the pathogenesis of the disease, features of the clinical course, as well as the possibilities of neuroimaging, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of this pathology. Specific attention is paid to current methods of surgical treatment, in particular, anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF), as an effective way to stabilize the disease during its progression. Keywords: Hirayama disease, atypical form, anterior cervical discectomy, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), neuroimaging.