Sustainable carbon materials from methane pyrolysis for energy applications

Methane pyrolysis (CH 4 → 2H 2 + C) presents a promising pathway for low CO 2 emission H 2 and solid carbon material production. This opinion article focuses on recent research progress in the past 3 years (2022–2024) on this topic, focusing on potential energy applications of carbon materials. Innovative CH 4 pyrolysis processes using solid catalysts, molten liquid catalysts, and new energy delivery methods were first described. Next, representative studies exploring carbon materials' energy conversion and storage applications were highlighted. Lastly, challenges and opportunities for future studies were proposed. The potential of using CH 4 pyrolysis to produce sustainable carbon materials for energy-related applications is immense, offering hope and inspiration for accelerating the transition to a sustainable future.