Prevalence of Diabetes in Chronic Liver Disease Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and micro or macrovascular problems. DM causes micro or macrovascular problems, shortened life expectancy, and poor quality of life. Insulin sensitivity and secretion imbalances cause diabetes. The liver controls insulin response throughout the body. In certain liver conditions, diabetes is more common. Diabetes worsens liver injury. It’s vital to note the link between diabetes and cirrhosis while analyzing research since those with more cirrhotic patients are more likely to uncover a link. Diabetics can develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis, hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver disease, and cirrhosis. This study determined the prevalence of diabetes in patients with CLD. This is a cross-sectional study. The study analyzed 48 patients with liver diseases. All the patients with cirrhosis of either gender fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Ethical approval was obtained. Laboratory parameters like, platelet count, fasting and post-prandial sugar, HbA1C, ultrasonography of abdomen, and upper gastro-intestinal tract endoscopy, prothrombin time, serum bilirubin, albumin was measured. Child Pugh Scores was calculated by adding the scores of the five factors (serum bilirubin, serum albumin, prothrombin time, grade of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy). Data entry was done in SPSS version 20 and statistical analysis was done with Chi Square test. Total 48 patients were enrolled in the test. DM was present in 10 (20.8%) of the CLD patients. The frequency of DM in CLD patients was highest in chronic hepatitis C related liver cirrhosis i.e.3 patients (30%) and the result were statistically significant with the p value of <0.00001. Child Pugh score C had highest frequency for DM occurrence i.e. 9(18.75%) than child Pugh A and B but this result was not statistically significant with p value 0.53. The prevalence of diabetes was highest in chronic hepatitis C related liver cirrhosis. As the severity of liver disease increases, higher chances of DM occurrence.