Relationship between nutritional status, physical activity, macronutrient intake and glycemic profile of prediabetic women in rural areas of Indonesia.

Prediabetes increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In rural areas, changes in lifestyle and diet influence the prevalence of prediabetes. This study evaluated the association of nutritional status, physical activity, and macronutrient intake with glycemic profile in prediabetic women in rural areas. The cross-sectional study included 26 women aged 40-64 years with prediabetes. Data were collected on demographics, food consumption, physical activity, and clinical parameters. Statistical analysis used Pearson and Spearman tests. Physical activity showed a positive significant correlation with BMI (r = 0.41, p = 0.037), and BMI was significantly associated with HOMA-IR (r = 0.465, p = 0.021) and QUICKI (r = -0.429, p = 0.036). However, energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, and fiber intake were not significantly correlated with glycemic indicators or plasma insulin. Physical activity contributed to the increase in BMI and affected insulin resistance and sensitivity. Macronutrient intake was not significantly correlated with glycemic profile. Public health interventions need to focus on increasing physical activity to prevent T2DM.