Indiscriminate insecticides use in chilli exacerbates T. parvispinus infestation: A case study in major chilli growing areas of Telangana State, India

A survey was conducted in major chilli growing districts of Telangana in India during 2022-24 to assess the land holdings of the farmers, the commonly cultivated chilli varieties/hybrids, insecticide usage and use of different groups of insecticide molecules against T. parvispinus in predominantly chilli growing areas of Telangana state of India.The results revealed that the highest average land holding (7.44 acres/ farmer) was documented in Khammam district with the highest (87.50%) cultivation under Teja segment (F1 hybrid) under 93.75% lood irrigation.Regarding insecticide usage, the highest number of insecticide sprays (29.88) with the lowest waiting period of 7.25 days were observed in the Khammam district, while it was lowest in the Jagtial district with 12.63 days waiting period between the sprays and 9.38 total number of applications.It was also noted that, the highest average spray luid was used in Khammam district (253.75 litres/acre), followed by Mahabubabad (241.25 litres), Peddapalli (239.38 litres), Nagarkurnool (237.50 litres) and J. Gadwal (227.25 litres), while lowest spray luid was used in Jagtial district (211.63).Regarding the usage of insecticide molecules, a total of 23.00 insecticide molecules were used in chilli.The highest number of insecticide molecules (23.00) were used in Khammam district, followed by Mahabubabad (20.00),Peddapalli (18.00),Nagarkurnool (17.00) and the lowest number in Jagtial district (14.00).Among the insecticide molecules, the highest usage of ipronil 5 SC to an extent of 64.58% was observed, followed by diafenthiuron 50 WP (58.33%), imidacloprid 17.8SL (56.25%), thiamethoxam 25 WG (54.17%) and dimethoate 30 EC (39.58%).Among the insecticide molecules, 34.78 % of insecticides come under highly toxic and moderately toxic categories.The survey results concluded that, the highest usage of insecticide molecules was found in Khammam district which recorded the highest incidence of T. parvispnus (56.75%), whereas, lowest usage of insecticides were reported from Jagtial district, which recorded lowest incidence (20.25%) of thrips and it was also observed that most of the farmers were ignorant of the use of recommended insecticides, pesticide residues, pesticide safety measures and eco-friendly pest management practices of chilli in the survey locations.