The Study on the Calculation Model of Power Grid Carbon Emission Factors Based on Hierarchical Decoupling and Nodal Balance

In order to solve the problems of uneven distribution and insufficient accuracy of regional power carbon emission factor accounting in China, a calculation model of power carbon emission factor based on hierarchical decoupling power grid and node carbon flow balance algorithm is proposed. According to the data of prefecturelevel power generation structure and electricity consumption, according to the power grid calculation method, the regional power transfer data are sorted out, and based on the node carbon flow balance algorithm, the power carbon emission factor calculation model is constructed, and the accurate calculation of annual and monthly power carbon emission factor of prefecture-level cities is realized. Empirical analysis of a central and southern provinces in 2020-2023 electric power data, verify the effectiveness of the model, the calculation results and the official provincial carbon emission factor deviation rate less than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$2 \%$</tex>, and through the city around the carbon emission factor and clean energy generation proportion comparison analysis, reveals the clean energy proportion and power highly negative correlation between the carbon emission factor. This model improves the calculation accuracy of the power carbon emission factor, and provides an effective reference for the low-carbon operation of the power systems in different regions.